The present disclosure provides a device (300) for degumming and inserting silicon wafers and method for processing silicon wafers. The device (300) for degumming and inserting silicon wafers includes a material frame (1), a grabbing mechanism (2), a degumming mechanism (3), an unlocking mechanism (8) and an inserting mechanism (4). The material frame (1) is configured for placing and clamping a plurality of silicon wafers (100) bonded with a support (200), the grabbing mechanism (2) is configured for grabbing and transferring the material frame (1) or the support (200), the degumming mechanism (3) is configured for degumming the plurality of silicon wafers (100) from the support (200), the unlocking mechanism (8) is configured for releasing clamping and fixing of the material frame (1) on the plurality of silicon wafers (100), and the inserting mechanism (4) is configured for splitting the degummed plurality of silicon wafers (100).