A method for magnetic resonance imaging and plaque recognition includes: obtaining magnetic resonance undersampled K-space data; transforming the magnetic resonance undersampled K-space data to an image domain through inverse Fourier transform to obtain a preprocessed image; reconstructing the preprocessed image through a pre-established deep learning reconstruction model to obtain a high-resolution imaging image of a blood vessel wall; and recognizing plaques in the high-resolution imaging image of the blood vessel wall through a pre-established deep learning plaque recognition model. A neural network corresponding to the pre-established deep learning reconstruction model is a dense connection network. The magnetic resonance undersampled K-space data is head-and-neck combined magnetic resonance undersampled K-space data of the blood vessel wall.