This on-vehicle data management device includes: a data collection section configured to collect data that is obtained by a first apparatus of a vehicle and that is recorded in a record region provided in the first apparatus; an information obtaining section configured to obtain information related to travel of the vehicle from a second apparatus of the vehicle, the second apparatus being different from the first apparatus; and a storage processing section configured to store target data collected by the data collection section in association with the information related to travel of the vehicle obtained by the information obtaining section.