A read-write conversion circuit includes: a read-write conversion module, performing a read-write operation in response to a read-write control signal to implement data transmission between each of a local data line, a local complementary data line, and a global data line, data signals of the local data line and data signals of the local complementary data line being opposite in phase during the read-write operation, and a control module, outputting a variable read-write control signal in response to a read-write speed configuration signal to control a speed of the read-write operation of the read-write conversion module to be variable.