Embodiments of a system and method for characterizing a panel of conditions associated with a set of taxa related to microorganisms can include a taxonomic database including reference microbiome features for the set of taxa associated with the panel of conditions; a handling operable to collect a container including biological material from a user, the handling system comprising a sequencer system operable to determine a microorganism sequence dataset; and a panel characterization system operable to: determine user microbiome features for the set of taxa for the user based on the microorganism sequence dataset, generate a comparison between the user microbiome features and the reference microbiome features, and determine a panel characterization for the panel of conditions for the user based on the comparison; and a treatment system operable to promote a therapy for a condition of the panel of conditions based on the panel characterization.