Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an image processing method based on artificial intelligence (AI) and an image processing system. The method includes: obtaining a feature recognition result of an image by performing image processing on the image to recognize a feature of the image and the image being obtained by performing image acquisition on a section of a patient using a digital slide scanner to generate a whole slide image (WSI) as the image; determining an imaging area of the section within a field of view of an eyepiece of a microscope with which real-time imaging is performed on the section; determining, within the image, an image area corresponding to the imaging area of the section and acquiring, from the feature recognition result of the image, a target feature recognition result of the image area; and superimposing the target feature recognition result on the imaging area of the section.