The present invention provides a power supply circuit with an adjustable channel switch impedance and an electronic device. The power supply circuit includes N main channel MOS transistors, a control module, an execution module and a detection module, wherein the execution module includes a first MOS transistor; the detection module includes a detection resistor and a second MOS transistor; a gate-source voltage of the main channel MOS transistors and a gate-source voltage of the first MOS transistor are configured to be consistent, and a source-drain voltage of the main channel MOS transistors and a source-drain voltage of the second MOS transistor are consistent; the control module is connected to the detection resistor and configured to: detect voltage drop information on voltage drop at two ends of the detection resistor, wherein the voltage drop information can represent a current of a load.