A method and system for characterization of Cannabaceae plants using macro photography images is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of receiving one or more macro photography images of a Cannabaceae plant; performing feature extraction analysis of trichomes using image processing, and performing plant characterization analysis using a neural network which analyzes the macro photography images. The training phase of the neural network comprises using results of chemical composition laboratory tests performed on the plants for which the macro photography images have been used in the training phase. The invention calculates and reports an assessment of maturity of the plant for harvesting, diagnosis of the existence of diseases, insects, or pests, assessment of the presence and concentrations of central ingredients, recommendations for treatment during plants drying, curing or storage production processes, and assessment of the quality and pricing of Cannabaceae plants products.