Provided is a binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode that enables formation of an electrode for a non-aqueous secondary battery that has excellent peel strength and can cause a non-aqueous secondary battery to display excellent cycle characteristics. A binder composition according to a first aspect contains a particulate polymer A1 that includes an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit in a proportion of 70 mass % to 99 mass % and a carboxylic acid group-containing monomer unit in a proportion of 1 mass % to 30 mass %. A binder composition according to a second aspect contains a particulate polymer A2 that includes an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit in a proportion of 70 mass % to 95 mass % and a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer unit in a proportion of 1 mass % to 30 mass %, and that has a degree of swelling in electrolyte solution of a factor of 1.2 to 7.0.