A method of determining a payload mass, the method comprising receiving rope data indicative of the rope force from the rope force sensor, receive position data indicative of the current shovel position from the one or more position sensors, determine a payload mass based on the rope force, the current shovel position, and a defined relationship between a kinetic energy of the mining shovel, a potential energy of the mining shovel, one or more degrees of freedom of the mining shovel, and one or more forces experienced by the mining shovel, and provide the payload mass to a display device associated with the mining shovel.