Techniques for monitoring based on a memory layout of an application are disclosed. A memory layout may be received, obtained, and/or generated from an application executing on a computer. Based on one or more attributes of a plurality of memory regions of the memory layout a memory layout fingerprint is generated. Additionally, memory region fingerprints are generated based on the one or more attributes for respective memory regions. The memory layout fingerprint and the memory region fingerprints are compared to respective previous memory layout fingerprints and the memory region fingerprints in order to determine whether malicious code and/or application drifting has occurred.