A three-dimensional porous silicon/carbon composite material includes a three-dimensional porous skeleton, a filler layer, and a coating layer. The three-dimensional porous skeleton is a three-dimensional porous carbon skeleton; the filler layer includes silicon particles and conductive carbon; the filler layer is formed by scattering the silicon particles evenly and dispersively in the conductive carbon; and the coating layer is a carbon coating layer. The present invention provides the three-dimensional porous silicon/carbon composite material with long cycle and low expansion, a method for preparing the same, and a use thereof.