An organic light emitting element includes a first electrode, a hole transport region disposed on the first electrode, an emission layer disposed on the hole transport region, an electron transport region disposed on the emission layer and including an electron transport layer, and a second electrode disposed on the electron transport region. The hole transport region may include a first hole transport layer having a first refractive index, a second hole transport layer disposed on the first hole transport layer and having a second refractive index less than the first refractive index, and a third hole transport layer disposed below the first hole transport layer and having a third refractive index less than the first refractive index. A difference between the first refractive index and the second refractive index, and a difference between the first refractive index and the third refractive index may each be about 0.1 to about 1.0.