The disclosure provides a vehicle-mounted bicycle stand, including a mounting seat, a support rod, a bracket and a locking and fixing mechanism, wherein the mounting seat is connected with a square-opening base at a rear end of a vehicle, and a connecting part is arranged at an end of the mounting seat; the support rod is fixed on the mounting seat; the bracket is rotationally mounted at an upper end of the support rod and is configured to place a bicycle; and the locking and fixing mechanism is mounted between the support rod and the bracket and is configured to lock and fix the bracket in a rearward unfolded state or a downward folded state. The vehicle-mounted bicycle stand of the disclosure is compact in structure, convenient and labor-saving in mounting and dismounting, high in overall structural strength, and good in reliability.