Technologies and techniques for vehicle perception. A first contour of a current image a dna second contour of a next image are determined relative to an optical center. The current image is scaled to the next image relative to the optical center, wherein the scaling includes applying a scale vector to the first contour. A frame offset vector is determined, and the second contour is translated, based on the frame offset vector and the scale vector, to align the translated second contour to a focus of expansion. An image velocity is determined, based on the first contour and the translated second contour, wherein the image velocity is used to determine object movement from the image data.