Disclosed are a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) multi-layer transmission method and an apparatus therefor. The method includes: a terminal determines a spread spectrum sequence group for NOMA multi-layer transmission, with the terminal being configured for NOMA multi-layer transmission, and the spread spectrum sequence group includes N spread spectrum sequences, the N spread spectrum sequences correspond to N data layers, the N spread spectrum sequences are mutually orthogonal, N is the number of data layers of NOMA multi-layer transmission, and N is an integer greater than 1; and the terminal sends data, the data comprising the N data layers using the spread spectrum sequence group for spectrum spreading.