A board adapter device includes: a first adapter structure provided with a gold finger matched with a board of a target memory module, a second adapter structure provided with a connector matched with the gold finger, and a signal transmission structure including a first and second transmission module. The first transmission module is for connecting a data signal line, a clock signal line, an address signal line, and a control signal line of the gold finger to corresponding connecting lines of the connector. The second transmission module is configured to, when receiving a power input signal, convert the power input signal into a power output signal matched with a power supply of the target memory module, and transmit the power output signal to a power signal line of the connector.