The invention relates to a microscope for microscopic examination of a sample comprising a microscope housing enclosing an illumination optics, a microscope stage and an imaging optics, an integrated sample chamber located within the microscope housing and formed by a separated housing section within the microscope housing. The housing section has a lid which provides direct access to the microscope stage for placing the sample in the sample chamber. The housing section has an interface for connection of an external incubation environment conditioning unit to the sample chamber. The interface is configured to provide a connection between the external incubation environment conditioning unit and the sample chamber, such that the environmental conditions in the sample chamber can be controlled when the external incubation environment conditioning unit is connected to the interface.