A transport device includes: a belt member that runs in a loop to transport an object to be transported, the belt member having an outer circumferential surface and an inner circumferential surface; a rotary member that is pressed against one of the outer and inner circumferential surfaces of the belt member and that is movable in a predetermined moving direction; and a pressing member that presses the rotary member toward the one of the outer and inner circumferential surfaces of the belt member and that moves in the moving direction while maintaining the angle thereof with respect to the moving direction when the rotary member moves in the moving direction.