Provided are a system and method for monitoring tension of a track. The track tension monitoring method of determining whether tension of tracks constituting an undercarriage module, which is an undercarriage of caterpillar track equipment, is abnormal includes, when tracks are in a dynamic state, entering an abnormality determination mode for determining whether the tracks are in excessive tension or low tension, and determining, in the abnormality determination mode, whether track tension is abnormal by measuring the track tension when the tracks make a turn, when the tracks are impacted, or when the caterpillar track equipment operates.