In some aspects, a base station may transmit, to a user equipment (UE), an instruction that triggers the UE to transmit an uplink random access channel (RACH) message, the instruction identifying a RACH preamble index corresponding to a RACH preamble to be used for the uplink RACH message; transmit, to a plurality of neighbor base stations, information that identifies the RACH preamble index; receive the uplink RACH message from the UE; receive, from the plurality of neighbor base stations, feedback that indicates respective timings with which the uplink RACH message was received by the plurality of neighbor base stations; and estimate a position of the UE based at least in part on a timing with which the uplink RACH message was received by the base station and at least two of the respective timings with which the uplink RACH message was received by the plurality of neighbor base stations.