A use of a compound or a medicinal derivative thereof in inhibiting absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) protein activity is provided, and belongs to the field of protein inhibitory medicine technology. Compared with traditional broad-spectrum immunomodulators, the compound has a strong targeting effect, and is more accurate, rapid, effective, safe and stable. Moreover, the compound has a strong binding force with human AIM2 protein and mouse AIM2 protein, and binding constants are as high as 1.029E-5M and 1.033E-5M respectively. Compared with traditional biological inhibitors, the compound has advantages of easy storage, stable activity, small molecular weight, lower production cost and easy absorption.