A pneumatic identification apparatus for the body weight of a seat occupant includes a control unit and at least one sensing apparatus each including a pneumatic sensing apparatus and an auxiliary sensing apparatus; the pneumatic sensing apparatus includes at least one soft elastic hollow structure body and a sensing unit; the soft elastic hollow structure body communicates with a first air pressure sensor, the first air pressure sensor being configured to measure a first air pressure value Pa in the soft elastic hollow structure body; the control unit is configured to compare the first air pressure value Pa with standard set values and correspondingly output a body weight type; and the auxiliary sensing apparatus includes a top pressure-bearing plate and a bottom carrying plate respectively mounted on two end faces of the soft elastic hollow structure body. Further provided is a pneumatic identification seat provided with the pneumatic identification apparatus.