Disclosed are a method and device for performing credit evaluation on a work publisher on the basis of a blockchain. The method and device can perform originality analysis on a target work published by a target service node to the blockchain so as to obtain an originality representation value corresponding to the target work. If the originality representation value is low, a copyright credit score corresponding to the target service node is deducted. The deduction is subjected to consensus verification performed by a plurality of service nodes and can only be made public in the blockchain after the consensus verification is successful. The blockchain can publicize a copyright credit score deduction record corresponding to the target service node, based on which the copyright credit score corresponding to the target service node can be determined. The lower the copyright credit score, the poorer the credit level of the target service node.