The present invention relates to a damper control system and a damper control method for controlling an opening degree of an exhaust damper connected to an exhaust duct. The damper control system (300) includes an exhaust damper (310), a first pressure sensor (311), and a controller (315) configured to control an opening degree of the exhaust damper (310). The controller (315) is configured to switch the opening degree of the exhaust damper (310) to an opening degree smaller than a full opening on condition that a shutter (217) is opened.