A vehicle battery fire sensing apparatus includes a battery pack mounted to a vehicle structure, an electronic control unit, and at least one communication line, wherein the battery pack includes a battery module including at least one battery cell, a battery management system configured to transmit a signal received from the battery module to the electronic control unit, and a battery pack case having a gas discharge portion configured to allow venting gas to be discharged therethrough. The battery pack case is provided with a sensor configured to measure at least one of temperature and pressure, and a vehicle battery fire sensing method.