The present invention discloses a sensor based on a field effect transistor (FET) with nano-tapes of a carbon-based material, especially graphene (GNR), a semiconductor joint, electrodes and a base gate composed of a carbon-based metallic material for the detection and measurement of low concentrations (nM-pM) of metabolites (biomarkers) in living organisms. The device features a unique nano-tape configuration of a carbon-based material, especially armchair-type graphene (GNR) (Armchair) in the semiconductor gasket and electrodes, which favors the manufacture of high-density nanosensor arrangements. The device features bifunctional ligaments based on pyrene compounds bound to the semiconductor joint and covalently the target analyte, generating the mechanical, chemical and electronic stability of the detected signal.