Disclosed are a synonym mining method, an application method of a synonym dictionary, a medical synonym mining method, an application method of a medical synonym dictionary, a synonym mining device and a storage medium. The synonym mining method includes: performing a recognition process on corpus data to obtain a named entity set of at least one category, wherein the named entity set of each category includes a plurality of named entities; performing a clustering process on the plurality of named entities in the named entity set of the each category to obtain a synonym candidate set corresponding to the each category; and performing, based on a word from similarity and a context similarity, a filtering process on the synonym candidate set corresponding to the each category to obtain a synonym set corresponding to the each category.