The disclosed exemplary embodiments include computer-implemented systems, devices, and processes that securely manage and regenerate cryptographic keys using permissioned distributed ledgers. For example, a device may receive, from a first computing system, data indicative of a recordation of a first public key onto a distributed ledger. Based on an occurrence of a regeneration condition, the device may transmit, to a second computing system, a second public key and a first digital signature, and the second computing system may validate the first digital signature, apply a second digital signature to the second public key, and transmit the second public key and the digital signatures to the first computing system. The device also receives, from the first computing system, additional data indicative of a recordation of the second public key onto the distributed ledger, and based on the additional data, the device may invalidate the first private key.