The present disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle steering, and provides an electrically adjustable steering column and an electric power steering system. The electrically adjustable steering column includes: a telescopic component including a first steering shaft and a first protective jacket sleeved on the first steering shaft; a drive component including a drive bracket disposed on an outer wall of the first protective jacket, wherein a main body of the drive bracket is provided with a first energy absorption slot extending in an axial direction; an energy absorption component including a first bolt passing through the first energy absorption slot and extending into the first protective jacket, wherein the first bolt is fixedly connected to the first protective jacket and in a sliding fit with the first energy absorption slot; when in a use stage, the first bolt is maintained at a head end of the first energy absorption slot, and the drive component is capable of driving the telescopic component to expand and contract through the drive bracket; when in a collapse and energy absorption stage, the telescopic component collapses and drives at least the first bolt to slide in the first energy absorption slot. The present disclosure realizes a maintaining function during telescopic adjustment and an energy absorbing function during collision and collapse mainly by the bolt, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing the cost.