A double-chamber microcapsule includes a capsule core and a microcapsule wall encapsulating the capsule core, wherein the microcapsule wall is a thermo-sensitive polymer encapsulating the content of a second chamber; the capsule core is a pH responsive polymer encapsulating the content of a first chamber, the pH responsive polymer is obtained by polymerizing a pH responsive monomer and a cross-linking monomer; the content of the first chamber is different from the content of the second chamber, each is selected from a solid acid or a solid alkali.