A method for continuously collecting fluorescence data of a microfluidic chip is provided. In the method, an optical path system emits a light perpendicular to the microfluidic chip, such that a center of a light spot formed by the optical path system on the microfluidic chip is located on a circle formed by centers of all reaction cells. The microfluidic chip is rotated around a center of the circle formed by centers of all the reaction cells. Fluorescence signal values are collected by using the optical path system along a rotation direction of the microfluidic chip. The collected fluorescence signal values are processed to obtain effective fluorescence data of all the reaction cells.