Provided are a sampling measurement method and system, computer device and storage medium. The sampling measurement method includes: acquiring a preset measurement ratio of each process element in a process station; acquiring an actual measurement ratio of a process element associated with a lot of products to be measured that arrive at the measurement station in the process station; and, when the actual measurement ratio of the associated process element is less than the corresponding preset measurement ratio, controlling a measurement machine at the measurement station to measure the lot of products to be measured.