Provided is an aluminum oxide production operation optimization system and method based on a cloud-edge collaboration, which relates to the technical field of an aluminum oxide production operation optimization. According to the system and method, firstly the whole-flow data in the aluminum oxide production process is acquired, the data is pre-processed, then the pre-processed data is transmitted to a local collaboration production operation optimization unit, the local collaboration production operation optimization unit firstly judges working conditions for the current aluminum oxide production process, an optimization strategy needing to be operated at present is automatically switched according to the working condition, and the local operation optimization strategy obtains the actual setting value of the aluminum oxide production operation indexes.