Provided is a display substrate including a substrate, and a light-emitting device and an optical compensation structure which are located on the substrate. The optical compensation structure includes a photoelectric sensor, a transistor and a capacitor, and the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the transistor and the capacitor respectively. The photoelectric sensor includes a first electrode, a photosensitive layer located on a side of the first electrode distal from the substrate, and a second electrode located on a side of the photosensitive layer distal from the substrate; the transistor includes a source electrode, a drain electrode, a gate electrode and an active layer; and the capacitor includes a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate located on a side of the first electrode plate distal from the substrate.