The present application discloses a target detection method and device for a high-resolution remote sensing image, which comprises: acquiring an original high-resolution remote sensing image from a sensor; acquiring target information of an area and an expanded area of the area expanding around by a predetermined distance; adaptively partitioning the original high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain different cluster areas to be detected, and obtaining an area required to be detected and an area not required to be detected; selecting a model of the area required to be detected and generating a target detection scheme; executing the target detection scheme to obtain a detection result; determining whether a computing platform has extra computing resources to detect the area not required to be detected, if so, performing dynamic partition detection for the area to obtain a detection result, and merging the detection results into a target detection result.