A shooting control method and an electronic device are provided. The method includes: within a first duration of each working cycle of a capturing process, adjusting a luminance value of a first screen area of the electronic device from a target luminance value to a preset luminance value that is less than the target luminance value, and controlling an under-screen camera of the electronic device to capture an image, where each working cycle includes a first duration and a second duration; and within the second duration after each first duration in the capturing process, controlling the under-screen camera of the electronic device to stop capturing an image, and adjusting the luminance value of the first screen area from the preset luminance value to the target luminance value.