The present disclosure provides a system for predicting diabetic retinopathy progression. The system includes an image-capturing module and a processing unit. The image-capturing module is configured to capture a first fundus image of a user at a first time and a second fundus image of the user at a second time different from the first time. The processing unit is configured to receive the first fundus image and the second fundus image, compare the first fundus image and the second fundus image and indicate a difference between the first fundus image and the second fundus image. The processing unit is also configured to provide a prediction in a diabetic retinopathy progression of the user based on the difference. A method for predicting diabetic retinopathy progression is also provided in the present disclosure.