A hydraulic damper and an intelligent prosthetics. The hydraulic damper includes a housing, a piston, a piston rod, and a damping adjustment component; an energy storage chamber and a damping chamber loaded with hydraulic fluid are arranged inside the housing; the piston is movably provided in the damping chamber and separates the damping chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber, the energy storage chamber is closer to the second chamber; the piston rod is inserted into the first chamber, one end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, another end of the piston rod penetrates through one end of the housing away from the energy storage chamber; and the damping adjustment component is connected to the first chamber, the second chamber, and the energy storage chamber, respectively, to adjust resistance of movement of the piston, thereby reducing sealing difficulty and weight of the hydraulic damper.