An optical module includes a circuit board, a light emitting device and a data processor. The data processor is disposed on the circuit board. The data processor includes a reverse gearbox and a gearbox. The reverse gearbox is connected to the light emitting device, and is configured to receive a high-speed electrical signal from the circuit board, and decode the high-speed electrical signal into a plurality of channels of low-speed electrical signals. The plurality of channels of low-speed electrical signals drive the light emitting device to emit the plurality of channels of optical signals. The gearbox is connected to the light receiving device, and is configured to receive a plurality of channels of low-speed electrical signals output by the light receiving device, encode the plurality of channels of low-speed electrical signals into a high-speed electrical signal, and transmit the high-speed electrical signal to the circuit board.