A method for controlling a wind turbine includes receiving operational data of at least one component of the wind turbine. The operational data includes a time-series of one or more high speed signals both before, during, and after an anomaly. Further, the high speed signal(s) may be digital or analog signals. The method also includes storing the operational data. Moreover, the method includes analyzing the stored operational data to identify a specific type and location of the anomaly using at least one of pattern recognition, machine learning, or rules-based conditions. In addition, the method includes determining an appropriate response action for the specific type and location of the anomaly. Further, the method includes adjusting a control parameter of the wind turbine. Thus, the method includes implementing the appropriate response action for the specific type and location of the anomaly.