A data reduction method, apparatus, and computing device and a storage medium are provided. The method includes: when reduction is to be performed on a to-be-reduced data block, obtaining a fingerprint of the to-be-reduced data block; forming an index set based on the fingerprint of the to-be-reduced data block by using index information of data blocks with identical fingerprints; and performing, in the to-be-reduced data block based on the fingerprint of the to-be-reduced data block, data reduction processing on a data block to which index information in a same index set belongs.