The present disclosure provides a quantum convolution operator, comprising: a quantum state encoding module, a quantum entanglement module, a quantum convolution kernel module, a measuring module, and a computing module; the quantum state encoding module is configured to encode a current group of input data onto qubits; the quantum entanglement module is configured to associate quantum state information of different qubits; the quantum convolution kernel module is configured to extract feature information corresponding to the quantum state information; the measuring module is configured to measure a quantum state of a preset qubit and obtain a corresponding amplitude; the computing module is configured to compute a convolution result corresponding to the current group of input data according to the measured quantum state and its amplitude.