An image processing method and system, and a computer readable storage medium. The method comprises: obtaining an image to be processed (S101); performing grayscale processing on the image to be processed to obtain a grayscale image, and performing blurring processing on the image to be processed to obtain a first blurred image (S102); performing binarization processing on the image to be processed according to the grayscale image and the first blurred image to obtain a binarized image (S103); performing expansion processing on grayscale values of high-value pixel points in the binarized image to obtain an expanded image (S104); performing sharpening processing on the expanded image to obtain a sharp image (S105); adjusting the contrast of the sharp image to obtain a contrast image (S106); and using the grayscale image as a guided image to perform guided filter processing on the contrast image to obtain a target image (S107).