Method, apparatus, and devices for encoding and decoding are provided. In one aspect, a method includes: if a current pixel point in a current block satisfies an enable condition of an enhanced refinement mode, determining a gradient value of the current pixel point based on an original pixel value of the current pixel point and an original pixel value of a surrounding pixel point of the current pixel point; based on the gradient value of the current pixel point and the original pixel value of the current pixel point, determining a refined pixel value of the current pixel point.