A data sending method and apparatus and a data receiving method and apparatus for resisting network communication monitoring, wherein the data sending method including: acquiring a target packet; adding an encapsulation header into the target packet and encrypting application data in the target packet to obtain a to-be-sent packet; constructing a confusing packet, the header of the confusing packet being different from the header of the to-be-sent packet at a preset position; and sending a mixed packet of the to-be-sent packet and the confusing packet. In the present disclosure, a communication source hides a data packet to confuses probes, adds an encapsulation header on the basis of the data packet, hides the data packet in a large number of similar packets in a network, and makes an encryption in combination with a mature encryption technology, thereby effectively resisting malicious network communication monitoring and preventing eavesdropping of network communications.