A blockchain-based privacy protection method for a CCN includes: executing, by a trusted AAC, an initialization algorithm to generate common parameters and a master key, generating a public key and a private key for each consumer and publisher, and randomly generating, by the trusted AAC, its own public key and private key; calculating a public key, and generating ciphertext and uploading the ciphertext to a CSP; performing transaction on-chaining; and during decryption, finding, by the consumer, transaction information of the content on the consortium blockchain, sending an interest packet based on the transaction information, and obtaining ciphertext CT through a storage address in the transaction information; generating, by the consortium blockchain, an access transaction based on access information of the consumer; sending the ciphertext CT to the consumer through a data packet; and locally decrypting, by the consumer, the ciphertext CT, and verifying correctness of the content.