The invention provides oral dosing regimens of controlled release levodopa compositions for use in treating patients with Parkinson's disease, primary parkinsonism/idiopathic parkinsonism, post-encephalitic parkinsonism, parkinsonism that may follow carbon monoxide intoxication, or parkinsonism that may follow manganese intoxication and the dosing regimens provide an improvement of a patient's total post-dose “On” time or “Good On” time compared to post-dose of treatment regimens with oral immediate release levodopa tablets.