A liftable and foldable disinfection box includes an upper half box body and a lower half box body. The upper half box body is sleeved on the lower half box body in a relatively liftable manner. A positioning mechanism is mounted in a lifting stroke of the upper half box body. The upper half box body and the lower half box body are fixed by locking the positioning mechanism, or the upper half box body is liftable relative to the lower half box body by unlocking the positioning mechanism. A disinfection chamber for receiving objects is formed between the upper half box body and the lower half box body. The disinfection chamber has a chamber door. The disinfection box can be folded in a liftable manner to facilitate carrying and prompt or timely disinfection.