This disclosure relates to scope-based lock management for shared resources of a distributed computing system. A scope-based lock manager may grant a request for a lock of a shared resource of the distributed computing system, where the lock request includes a scope of the lock and a target having the scope. The target may define entities able to access the shared resource when locked. The scope and target of the lock are stored at a lock database including scopes and targets associated with additional locks of additional shared resources of the distributed computing system. The scope based lock manager may determine when a computing node of the distributed computing system has failed and remove the lock from the lock database responsive to a determination that the target of the lock is hosted on the computing node.